Stage 4 · What usually goes wrong
Hallucination
Why does it make things up?
When the model produces something false with complete confidence: a quote that doesn't exist, a made-up article of law, a wrong figure.
An image to remember it
The student who didn't study but answers with total poise.
The misunderstanding
It's a bug they'll fix soon. It's a consequence of how it works: it generates what is plausible. It goes down with better models and tools, but it doesn't go away.
What changes in practice
Ask for sources and check them. Better still: put the material in the context instead of trusting what it "remembers".
